Case Study
Travel & Booking Microservices (NestJS + Prisma)
Flights, hotels, and tours powered by event-driven microservices.
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About This Project
🚀 Project Overview
Scope:
The project focuses on decomposing a legacy booking flow into independently deployable microservices to achieve modularity, scalability, and fault isolation. The system manages the full lifecycle of a customer’s booking journey — from search and pricing to payment and post-trip management — and integrates seamlessly with internal and external systems such as partner APIs, payment gateways, and analytics pipelines.
The project focuses on decomposing a legacy booking flow into independently deployable microservices to achieve modularity, scalability, and fault isolation. The system manages the full lifecycle of a customer’s booking journey — from search and pricing to payment and post-trip management — and integrates seamlessly with internal and external systems such as partner APIs, payment gateways, and analytics pipelines.
🎯 Objectives
- Scalability at Peak Traffic:
Distribute workloads across specialized services (e.g., search, pricing, reservations) to handle seasonal spikes and large concurrent bookings without performance degradation. - Failure Isolation:
Prevent cascading failures by decoupling services using message queues (Kafka/RabbitMQ) and circuit breakers, ensuring that downtime in one domain (e.g., payment) does not affect others (e.g., search or support). - Rapid and Independent Deployments:
Each microservice can be deployed, scaled, and versioned independently with CI/CD pipelines, reducing release friction and improving iteration velocity. - Improved Observability & Reliability:
Introduce distributed tracing, centralized logging, and metrics dashboards (via Prometheus, Grafana, and OpenTelemetry) to monitor health, latency, and service dependencies.
🧩 Core Features
- Inventory Service
- Manages available assets (e.g., vehicles, accommodations, seats).
- Handles synchronization with upstream suppliers.
- Implements caching for read-heavy queries using Redis.
- Pricing Service
- Calculates real-time pricing using configurable rules and discount engines.
- Supports surge pricing, dynamic offers, and tax computation.
- Integrates with currency exchange APIs.
- Reservation Service
- Handles booking requests, availability checks, and confirmation workflows.
- Manages transactional consistency using distributed transactions and outbox patterns.
- Emits domain events for downstream processing (notifications, analytics).
- Payment Service
- Integrates with Stripe/PayPal and custom gateways for multiple regions.
- Implements webhook listeners for payment confirmation and refund events.
- Ensures PCI compliance and tokenized card storage.
- Trip Management Service
- Tracks active and completed bookings.
- Updates trip status, locations, and schedules in real-time.
- Supports customer notifications and escalation rules.
- Search & Discovery Service
- Indexes and queries available inventory with location and filter support.
- Employs search optimization using Elasticsearch or PostgreSQL full-text search.
- Supports autocomplete and personalized results.
- Support & Admin Tooling
- Internal dashboards for customer support and operations.
- Tools to reassign trips, issue refunds, or manually override inventory/pricing.
- Integrated user access controls via JWT/OAuth2.
⚙️ Technology Stack
Layer Technology Purpose
| Backend | NestJS (TypeScript) | Modular service architecture with dependency injection and strong typing.
| ORM & DB | Prisma + PostgreSQL | Efficient schema management, migrations, and relational modeling.
| Messaging | Kafka / RabbitMQ | Event-driven communication and async processing.
| Cache | Redis | High-speed caching and session management.
| Frontend | React | Modern SPA for admin and client dashboards.
| Containerization | Docker | Service packaging and local environment parity.
| Orchestration | Kubernetes (AWS EKS) | Auto-scaling, deployment rollouts, and fault tolerance.
| CI/CD | GitHub Actions / ArgoCD | Continuous delivery with automated testing and monitoring.
| Cloud Infrastructure | AWS (EKS, RDS, S3, CloudWatch) | Reliable cloud hosting with observability and resilience.
🧠 Architecture Highlights
- Event-Driven Design: Loose coupling through Kafka topics for booking events (e.g., reservation.created, payment.completed).
- Saga Pattern: Coordinates complex multi-service workflows (e.g., booking + payment confirmation).
- API Gateway: Unified entry point using NestJS Gateway for routing, authentication, and throttling.
- Service Mesh (Istio/Linkerd): Enables secure inter-service communication with traffic management.
- Monitoring: Real-time logs (ELK stack), alerts, and distributed tracing with Jaeger.
📊 Current Status
- Microservices progressively deployed to AWS EKS with Helm charts.
- Core modules (Inventory, Pricing, Reservations, Payments) live and handling production traffic.
- Trip Management and Support Tooling under active enhancement.
- Ongoing improvements: expanding observability (logs, traces), refining resilience (retries, rate limiting), and implementing advanced analytics dashboards.
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